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Influence of thermally grown oxide layers thickness on temperature evolution during the forging of large size steel ingots

Abstract Medium carbon low alloy specialty steels are preheated in gas-fired furnaces before undergoing open die forging operation. Oxide layers with different thicknesses and compositions are formed on the surface and significantly influence the temperature evolution during the forging process. In the present work, the kinetics of oxide growth of two high-strength medium carbon steels with different […]

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